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14.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下短文.短文中共有10處錯誤,每句中最多有兩處.錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改.
增加:在缺詞處加一個漏詞符號(?),并在其下面寫出該加的詞.
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉.
修改:在錯的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞.
注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分.
My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven.He wanted teach me about animals,insects and trees.My uncles all come along with bows and arrows for hunting.
One evening at sunset,we sat by the fire,have our barbecue.Just then a bird was flying over us.My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird.Neither of the arrows hit the target.Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky-they were looked like rain!We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured.
That day I didn't learn much about animals,insects or trees,but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!

分析 本文作者主要講述了自己七歲時第一次跟著父親以及叔叔們去野營的場景;作者的父親主要想讓作者通過野營來學習一些關于動物、昆蟲和樹木的知識;隨行的叔叔們都帶來了弓和箭以備打獵用;一天傍晚,在火堆旁,他們吃著燒烤時,飛過來一只鳥;叔叔們射出去好多箭都沒能射中它,反而是箭從天上落下來差點砸在他們身上;最后作者認為那天他并沒有學到太多關于昆蟲或樹木的知識,而是讓他對重力有了深刻的印象.

解答 答案:
My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven.He wanted∧teach
                                                                                                                  to
 me about animals,insects and trees.My uncles all come along with bows and arrows 
                                                                            came   
for hunting.One evening at sunset,we sat by the fire,have our barbecue.Just then a bird 
                                                                                   having
was flying over us.My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird.
                                               immediately                                             at
Neither of the arrows hit the target.Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the 
None                                                                             were  
sky-they were looked like rain!We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured.
             去掉were                                            and
That day I didn't learn much insects or trees,but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!
                                                                                    an  
71.wanted 后加 to      考查動詞不定式      want在這里意為:想要做某事;是不及物動詞,所以其后應接動詞不定式作賓語;故在wanted 后加 to     
72.come改為came     考查時態       根據上文可知,此處講的是我七歲時發生的事情;故用一般過去時came
73.have改為having     考查現在分詞      根據句意"一天傍晚,在日落的時候,我們坐在火邊,吃著燒烤"可知,此處在句中作伴隨狀語,動詞have與其邏輯主語構成了主謂關系;故改為現在分詞having
74.immediate改為immediately     考查副詞     此處在句中修飾動詞短語jumped up;故用副詞immediately
75.on改為at      考查固定短語    shot…on"擊中";shot at"向…射擊";  根據下一句"Neither of the arrows hit the target"箭沒有射中目標,可知此處應將on改為at
76.Neither改為None   考查不定代詞     neither 指兩者都不…; none (指三者或三者以上當中)沒有一個;本句的意思是:沒有一支箭射中目標;根據下文"Suddenly the arrows…looked like rain!"將箭描述成像雨點一樣飛下來落在我們身上可知,這里射出的不只兩支;故改為None
77.was改為were    考查主謂一致及時態     由于本句的主語是arrows(名詞的復數),所以謂語動詞也應使用復數形式;因為這里講述的是過去野營時的經歷;故用一般過去時were
78.去掉were    考查系動詞     由于系動詞were+looked構成了一般過去時態的被動語態,而此處的主語與謂語之間是主動關系,意為:他們看起來像雨點一樣;故去掉were    
79.but改為and     考查連詞     根據句意"我們躲著跑開了,幸運的是沒有人受傷"可知;這里表示并列而不是轉折關系;故用and 
 80.a改為an    考查冠詞     此處用在"冠詞a/an+形容詞+單數名詞"的結構中,由于該冠詞之后的形容詞impressive的首字母發元音/i/;故填an

點評 短文改錯是集語法知識與語言技能為一體的綜合性試題,主要考查學生對詞匯、語法和語篇三要素的把握能力.錯誤類型一般有:缺詞、多詞和錯詞.常見的錯誤有:1 詞法錯誤,主要包括動詞、名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞和介詞等詞類誤用、同義詞混淆使用、固定搭配等方面.解答此類試題時,需要正確分析句子成分,熟練掌握各詞類的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等.2 常見句法錯誤.通常表現為簡單句、復合句以及疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句和強調句等錯誤.解答此類試題時,需要掌握各類句子的句式結構及意義用法.3 應在理解文章大意的前提下,進行作答.

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