該地的天然植被最可能是 A.雨林 B. 針葉林 C. 稀樹草原 D. 常綠闊葉林 查看更多

 

題目列表(包括答案和解析)

若某救災物資儲備基地的儲備物資中,節水設施、救生器具、凈水劑的比重較大,則該基地最有可能是

A.武漢 B.成都 C.西安 D.昆明

 

查看答案和解析>>

 In the dark forests ________ some large enough to hold several English towns.

   A. stand many lakes                                    B. lie many lakes

   C. many lakes lie                    D. many lakes stand

【詳解】本題考查倒裝結構,完全倒裝。同時stand 和lie的區別。stand是突出的,lie是平躺的,湖不可能是突出的,所以此題應該選擇lie。

 

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現在,越來越多的大陸游客可以赴臺旅游,而日月潭作為臺灣的主要景點,很多人并不真正了解,請按照以下要點提示,寫一篇介紹日月潭(Sun Moon Lake)的英語短文,不少于110詞。

1. 日月潭位于臺灣的南投縣,是臺灣最著名的風景區,也是臺灣最大的天然湖泊。

2. 湖中央有一島嶼把湖分成兩部分,湖的東北部分圓圓的像太陽,而湖的西南部分彎彎的像月牙,故為日月潭。

3. 日月潭處在山地與西部平原之間,受3000萬年前喜馬拉雅(the Himalayas)造山運動的影響,由玉山(Mt.Yu)和阿里山(Mt.A-li)之間的斷裂(ruptured)盆地積水而成。             

 

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讀寫任務(共l小題,滿分25分)

    閱讀下面的短文,然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。

    The following story took place long ago in Israel. One day when government officials were using smoke to force the mice inside a hole to come out, they saw two mice, after all the others escaped, squeezing slowly out at the exit of the hole. The strange thing was that after they came out, they did not run away immediately. Instead, one chased after the other near the exit of the hole. It seemed that one was trying to bite the tail of the other.

    Everyone was puzzled, so they stepped closer to take a look. They realized that one of the mice was blind and could not see anything, and the other one was trying to allow the blind mouse to bite on his tail so he could pull the blind one with him to escape.

     After witnessing what happened, everyone was speechless and lost in thought. Then, one serious Rome official said: “I think the relationship between those two mice was that of emperor and minister.”  A smart Israeli said: “I think husband and wife.” A Chinese, who was accustomed to the firm tradition of loyalty to parents, said: “I think mother and son.” And a pure Samaritan said......

【寫作內容】

以約30個詞概括這段短文的內容。

然后以約120詞就這個主題發表看法,并包括以下要點:

   1)你認為這兩只老鼠最有可能是什么關系,為什么?

以你或他人的親身經歷說明你的體會。

【寫作要求】

你可以使用實例或其他論述方法支持你的論點,也可以參照閱讀材料中的內容,但不得直接引用原文的句子;

【評分標準】   

    概括準確,語言規范,內容合適,篇章連貫。

查看答案和解析>>

I prefer the stories about the swimmers at the Beijing Olympics,one of which is about Zakia Nassar. She's a 21-year-old Palestinian __21__ Bethlehem studying dentistry in Jenin. Having had neither a __22__ nor a chance to an Olympic-sized pool in the past year, she had no choice but to __23__ on her own at a 12m public pool.

There is a 50-meter __24__ in nearby Nazareth, but the Israeli government did not __25__ her to use it.

Nassar was __26__ to training only when she returned to her parents' home in Bethlehem, __27__ she did so only about every two months for two days or so. __28__ the pool is only 12 meters long.

“My parents and friends always __29__ me, reminding me that I had to keep training if I __30  wanted to go to the Olympics,” she said.

It was only when Nassar __31__ China a month ago that she finally got the opportunity to swim in a 50m pool and enjoyed the __32__ of having a coach.

When she at last took part in the Games, she swam the 50m in 31.97 seconds, a(n) __33__ of seven seconds on her personal __34__. Nassar said it was the most beautiful moment of her life.

She will not __35__ on the cover of Time magazine or __36__ millions of dollars in endorsements(捐款), but she can always say she won a race at the Olympics. For her, it wasn’t about __37__ the other swimmers or winning a prize, but about __38__ her own goal, __39__ difficult. When I think things are too difficult or I get those “I-just-can’t-do-it,” I think of her. Then I realize how __40__ the task before me really is.

1.

A.

to

B.

from

C.

through

D.

in

2.

A.

employer

B.

captain

C.

coach

D.

master

3.

A.

drill

B.

educate

C.

row

D.

train

4.

A.

pool

B.

reservoir

C.

lake

D.

river

5.

A.

admit

B.

permit

C.

forbid

D.

restrict

6.

A.

accustomed

B.

controlled

C.

limited

D.

organized

7.

A.

but

B.

therefore

C.

so

D.

and

8.

A.

Besides

B.

Especially

C.

Hopefully

D.

Particularly

9.

A.

discourage

B.

encouraged

C.

scolded

D.

blamed

10.

A.

extremely

B.

merely

C.

really

D.

slightly

11.

A.

reached for

B.

attached to

C.

departed from

D.

arrived in

12.

A.

advantages

B.

honor

C.

faults

D.

trouble

13.

A.

development

B.

improvement

C.

disappointment

D.

movement

14.

A.

worst

B.

ordinary

C.

best

D.

average

15.

A.

publish

B.

broadcast

C.

contain

D.

appear

16.

A.

receive

B.

accept

C.

take

D.

earn

17.

A.

following

B.

exciting

C.

inspiring

D.

beating

18.

A.

achieving

B.

realizing

C.

starting

D.

winning

19.

A.

wherever

B.

whatever

C.

whenever

D.

however

20.

A.

difficult

B.

interesting

C.

easy

D.

hopeful

【答案】

21.B

22.C

23.D

24.A

25.B

26.C

27.A

28.A

29.B

30.C

31.D

32.A

33.B

34.C

35.D

36.A

37.D

38.A

39.D

40.C

【解析】略

【題型】完型填空

【適用】一般

【標題】2011屆山東省寧陽一中高三上學期期中考試英語卷

【關鍵字標簽】故事類閱讀

【結束】

17【題文】You're busy filling out the application form for a position you really need. Let's assume you once actually completed a couple of years of college work or even that you completed your degree. Isn't it appealing to lie just a little, to claim on the form that your diploma represents a Harvard degree? Or that you finished an extra couple of years back at State University? More and more people are turning to cheat like this to land their job or to move ahead in their careers, for personnel officers, like most Americans, value degrees from famous schools. A job applicant may have a good education anyway, but he or she assumes that chances of being hired are better with a diploma from a well-known university.

Registrars(登記員) at most well-known colleges say they deal with deceitful claims like these at the rate of about one per week. Personnel officers do check up on degrees listed on application forms, then. If it turns out that an applicant is lying, most colleges are unwilling to accuse the applicant directly. One Ivy League school calls them "cheats"; another refers to them as "special cases". One well-known West Coast school, in perhaps the most delicate phrase of all, says that these claims are made by "no such people". To avoid outright(徹底的) lies, some job-seekers claim that they "attending" means being dismissed after one semester. It may be that "being associated with" a college means that the job-seeker visited his younger brother for a football weekend. One school that keeps records of false claims says that the practice dates back at least to the turn of the century—that's when they began keeping records, anyhow. If you don't want to lie or even stretch the truth, there are companies that will sell you a false diploma.

  One company, with offices in New York and on the West Coast, will put your name on a diploma from any number of nonexistent colleges. The price begins at around twenty dollars for a diploma from "Smoot State University". The prices increase rapidly for a degree from the "University of Purdue". As there is no Smoot State and the real school in Indiana is properly called Purdue University, the prices seem rather high for one sheet of paper.

41.The main idea of this passage is that ______.

A.employers are checking more closely on applicants now

B.lying about college degrees has become a widespread problem

C.college degrees can now be purchased easily

D.employers are no longer interested in college degrees

42.According to the passage, "special cases" refers to cases that ______.

A.students attend a school only part-time

B.students never attended a school they listed on their application

C.students purchase false degrees from commercial firms

D.students attended a famous school

43.We can infer from the passage that _______.

A.performance is a better judge of ability than a college degree

B.experience is the best teacher

C.past work histories influence personnel officers more than degrees do

D.a degree from a famous school enables an applicant to gain advantage over others in job competition

44.This passage implies that ______.

A.buying a false degree is not moral

B.personnel officers only consider applicants from famous schools

C.most people lie on applications because they were dismissed from school

D.society should be greatly responsible for lying on applications

【答案】

45.B

46.B

47.D

48.D

【解析】略

【題型】閱讀理解

【適用】一般

【標題】2011屆山東省寧陽一中高三上學期期中考試英語卷

【關鍵字標簽】社會現象類

【結束】

18【題文】Doris Lessing was born in 1919 in Persia, moving as a child with her family to southern Rhodesia, now Zimbabwe, where she stayed in school only to the age of 14.

A year after moving to London, she published her first novel in 1950. The Grass is Singing examines unbridgeable racial conflict in colonial Africa through the eyes of a white farmer's wife and her black servant.

Her literary breakthrough came in 1962 with publication of The Golden Notebook, seen by many, though not necessarily Lessing, as a pioneering work of modern feminism(女權運動). A disjointed study of the mind of the main character, Anna Wulf, the novel explores her thoughts about Africa, politics, relationships with men and sex, and Jungian analysis and dream interpretation.

Lessing's themes changed to psychology in her works from the 1960s, and by the 1970s she was interested in the Islamic mystic tradition of Sufism(蘇菲教派). Her turn toward science fiction with the Canopus series in the early 1980s was not warmly received by traditional critics, but she has continued to be popular with new readers and numerous literary awards, including the David Cohen British Literary Prize and the Companion of Honour from the Royal Society of Literature, both in 2001.

Following the announcement, the Horace Engdahl told VOA why he was personally so pleased with Lessing's selection.

“She is one of the truly great writers -- of novels, short stories, fiction and non-fiction,” Engdahl said. “She is one of the few writers who have had the courage to uphold the principle of equality between the male and female experience, and she has given the impulse to numbers of other women writers. And she is really the mother of a school that is one of the most important in our contemporary literature.”

At 87, Doris Lessing is the oldest Nobel Literature winner since the first prizes were awarded in 1901.

49. What would be the best title of the passage?

A.Doris Lessing’s Great Writings.

B.Doris Lessing’s Concern about Africa.

C.A Great Writer of Novel and a Pioneer of Modern Feminism.

D.A Nobel Prize Winner for Literature.

50.It can be inferred from the passage that _______.

A.there are only two characters in The Grass is Singing

B.The Golden Notebook is regarded as Lessing’s masterpiece by herself

C.life in Africa in her early age lays solid foundation for her writing

D.Doris Lessing is strongly against traditional culture in Africa

51.According to the fourth paragraph, _______.

A.Lessing began to believe in Christ in the 1970s

B.Lessing’s science fiction won readers

C.Lessing had won two literary medals for her writings

D.Lessing changed her themes to meet the needs of traditional critics

52.The underlined word “impulse” in the 6th passage is closest in meaning to _______.

A.pressure

B.inspiration

C.energy

D.desire

【答案】

53.C

54.C

55.B

56.D

【解析】略

【題型】閱讀理解

【適用】一般

【標題】2011屆山東省寧陽一中高三上學期期中考試英語卷

【關鍵字標簽】人物傳記類

【結束】

19【題文】將下列句子翻譯為英語,必須用所提示的英語單詞或提示單詞的派生形式。

57.病人被交給?漆t生治療。(refer)

_______________________________________________________________________

58.我們的老師從來不允許考試作弊。(tolerate)

_______________________________________________________________________

59.我把成功歸功于我所受到的教育。(owe)

_______________________________________________________________________

60.他的言行不一致。(correspond)

_______________________________________________________________________

61.外出忘記帶傘是他的特點。(typical)

_______________________________________________________________________

62.你對這部電影感興趣嗎?(appeal)

_______________________________________________________________________

63.他被禁止駕車六個月。(ban)

_______________________________________________________________________

64.他最近被任命為委員會成員。(appoint)

_______________________________________________________________________

65.他對我們總是坦誠相待,他從不灰心喪氣。(give way to)

_______________________________________________________________________

66.另一方面,經常處于廣告的包圍之中,我們的想法有可能隨著時間的流逝而發生變化。(be exposed to)

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

【答案】

67.The patient was referred to a specialist for treatment.

68.Our teacher never tolerates cheating in exams.

Our teacher has no tolerance to cheating in exams.

Out teacher is never tolerant of cheating in exams.

69.I owe my success to my education.

70.His actions don’t correspond with his words.

71.It’s typical of him to forget his umbrella when he goes out.

72.Does the film appeal to you?

73.He was banned from driving for six months.

74.She has recently been appointed to the committee.

75.He was always honest with us and never gave way to disappointment.

76.On the other hand, being constantly exposed to advertisements can help to change our opinions over time.

【解析】略

【題型】其他

【適用】一般

【標題】2011屆山東省寧陽一中高三上學期期中考試英語卷

【關鍵字標簽】漢譯英

【結束】

20【題文】你的英國朋友Jack想了解北京奧運會的情況。假如你是李華,請你給他寫一封電子郵件,就本屆奧運會作一簡單介紹。內容要點如下:

1. 從2008年8月8日至24日歷時17天,二百多個國家和地區參賽。

2. 本屆奧運會打破43項世界記錄、132項奧運會記錄,美國運動員Michael Phelps創一次奧運會金牌最多的記錄。

3. 中國隊表現突出,獲100枚獎牌、50枚金牌,金牌總數第一,創歷史之最。

4. 北京奧運會的成功舉辦獲得全球贊譽。

注意:字數:120左右

Dear Jack,

I’m very glad to tell you something about the Beijing Olympic Games.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

With best wishes.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

【答案】

Dear Jack,

I’m very glad to tell you something about the Beijing Olympic Games. The 2008 Summer Olympic Games lasted 17 days, which were held in Beijing on August 8th and dropped their curtain on Aug. 24. More than 10,000 athletes from over 200 countries and areas took part. The Games saw 43 new world records and 132 new Olympic records. The American athlete, Michael Phelps broke the record for most gold medals in one Olympics. China performed so wonderfully that it won a total of 100 medals, including 51 gold medals, leading the gold medal count for the first time in history.

Beijing’s successful hosting of the Games has earned global praise and the organizing work has been considered perfect. I hope the 2012 London Olympic Games will also be a perfect one.

With best wishes.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

【解析】略

【題型】書面表達

【適用】一般

【標題】2011屆山東省寧陽一中高三上學期期中考試英語卷

【關鍵字標簽】提綱作文

【結束】

 

查看答案和解析>>

1. B 【解析】印度所用的時間為東5.5區的區時,當神七升空時,北京時間為9月25日21

時10分,換算成印度時間(東5.5區區時)為18時40分

2.B 【解析】汕頭位于北回歸線上,所以在這幾日內與其正午太陽高度最接近的是②和③,又因為太陽直射南半球,所以晝長小于12小時。

3.  D  【解析】從圖中分析可知,各月平均氣溫均位于20℃以上,且氣溫最低的時候為6、7月份,所以位于南半球熱帶地區。

4. C  【解析】結合上題判斷的緯度分布及其降水量有明顯的干濕季分布可知,為熱帶草原氣候,所以C選項正確。

5.  B 【解析】 所給各項中,只有咖啡屬熱帶經濟作物,所以B選項正確。

6.C 【解析】其他地區灌溉水源不充足,而這里可以引黃河水進行灌溉。故C項正確。

7.A  【解析】對于空曠的地區的景色,在觀賞時要遠眺,且要把握時機。故A正確。

8.B 【解析】從圖中可以看出,陽邏開發區靠近機場、接近火車站,并且位于長江邊。

9.A 【解析】四大米市是歷史上形成,當時沒有發達的鐵路,依靠長江的水運,共同的條件是稻米生產條件好,水運便利。

10. B 【解析】造林成功后,森林覆蓋率提高,有保持水土和涵養水源的功能,對一次降雨對河流流量的影響而言,可導致河水高水位的時間滯后,水位高度降低。從四個選項來看,A只體現了高水位時間的滯后,C只體現了降水造成的高水位高度的降低,D明顯錯誤,只有B選項符合。

11. C 【解析】這四項措施都是黃土高原治理水土流失的措施,但是C項針對的是解決農村生活用能短缺而破壞植被問題的,不屬于農業方面的措施。

12. B【解析】春秋戰國時期是我國古代的社會轉型期,前三項均屬于該時期,但A、C與農業技術革新成就不符,牛穿有鼻環反映了牛耕技術的運用,故選B,曲轅犁出現于唐朝,排除D。

13.C【解析】作為唐朝中央機構的三省六部中,中書省負責草擬和頒發皇帝的詔令,門下負責審核,尚書負責執行,因此中書省最符合皇帝的“秘書官”的特點。樞密院是北宋開始設立的負責軍事的機構

。

14.D【解析】慶歷新政以整頓吏治為核心,其中包括嚴格官吏的任用與考核,限制恩蔭,故選D。改革措施中雖有裁并州縣的內容,但并未包括削弱地方權力、加強中央集權的“強干弱枝”,B、C屬于王安石變法的內容。

15. D【解析】“新疆”這個名稱是清代開始采用的,而且清前期的疆域西跨蔥嶺,西北達巴爾喀什湖,北接西伯利亞,東北至外興安嶺和庫頁島,南包南海諸島,與題目材料記述基本一致,故選D。

16.C【解析】嘉慶年間正處于鴉片戰爭的前夜,當時清政府實行閉關政策,對外貿易受到嚴格限制,明末出現的西學東漸局面在清雍正帝時期已衰落下來,但中西交流并未完全中止,題目所述即是證明。外商打開中國市場是在鴉片戰爭后。故選C。

17. B【解析】這首詞反映了外國侵略者在通商口岸開設的租界的情況,1858年的《天津條約》規定開辟漢口為通商口岸,此后不久,在當地出現了租界,故B正確。

18.B【解析】由題目中“20世紀初,當歐洲籠罩在戰爭的陰云之下”判斷,列寧這句話是在一戰臨近的背景下所言,因此稱贊的是辛亥革命后社會政治生活活躍的景象。

19. B【解析】由“使國民黨發動的抗戰發展為全面的全民族抗戰”可以判斷中共的主張是在七七事變發生,國民黨軍隊奮起抗戰的情況下,為促成國共合作,實現全民族抗戰而提出的。

20.A【解析】文藝復興興起于14世紀,以人文主義思潮為核心,強調人的力量、人的價值,因此為15世紀起歐洲的海外擴張提供了精神動力這樣的智力背景。近代科學興起于歐洲擴張過程中,哥白尼學說屬于其成就之一,故排除B、C;D表述錯誤。

21.D【解析】本題為逆向選擇題,前三項均為拿破侖采取有利于政治穩定和資本主義發展的措施,D為吉倫特派執政時的舉措。

22.C 【解析】費正清的意思是說中國抗戰提高了中國的國際地位,四個組合項中,《雅爾塔協定》是美蘇等大國為了自身利益而損害中國利益的產物,波茨坦會議沒有中國參加,因此排除這兩項!堕_羅宣言》是中美英三國發表,中國是聯合國成立的五大國之一,均能表現出中國國際地位的提高。

23.A【解析】結合題干中的說明文字,可知“和魂漢才”即以日本文化為靈魂和主體,吸收中國傳統文化的精華儒家文化,將之改造為日本文化的一部分,為日本的進步服務。故選A。

24.A 因為2007年與2008年美元與人民幣的匯率不同,所以2008年M商品的價值要先以人民幣計量,再換算成美元。根據無論社會勞動生產率怎么變化,同一勞動同一時間創造的價值總量不變的原理,可列出公式為:84×7(人民幣)×2007年的數量=2008年價值量×2007年的數量×(1+20%)。計算出,2008年M商品的價值量為84×7÷(1+20%)=490元人民幣。再折合為美元應為490÷6.8≈72美元。

25.A  本題考查我國的三大產業及產業結構。注意材料中三大結構比例的變化。②④太絕對化,而且從材料中也得不出這樣的結論。

26.B   征收消費稅的意義,一是合理調節消費行為,抑制超前消費,間接引導投資流向,保證國家財政收入。二是避免因過度消費而損害人類健康,危害社會秩序、破壞生態環境。其目的并不在于增加財政收入。

27.D  注意題中的二個限制性角度,一是“適度寬松的”,二是“貨幣政策”。A、C是財政政策,與題意要求不符合。B是從緊的貨幣政策。

28.B  A錯誤,內因不能決定外因。C錯誤,內因決定事物的性質和發展方向,主要矛盾決定事物的發展方向,矛盾的主要方面決定事物的性質。材料中沒有涉及到外因,因此D與題意無關。

29.D  材料說明,事物本身具備的客觀事物屬性具有對立統一面,人們應具體問題具體分析。但材料沒有體現矛盾的普遍性與矛盾的特殊性的關系,也不是在談使用是否過量的問題。因此AB都與題意不符合。C觀點本身是錯誤的,矛盾的主要方面對事物的性質才起決定作用。

30.C  “為支援災區而寧愿犧牲個人利益”體現了②④。①錯誤,維護國家利益并不意味著就得犧牲個人利益。③錯誤,正確的價值觀才對人們認識和改造世界具有巨大的促進作用。

31.A  ③是政治常識觀點,與題中要求不符合。④本身是錯誤的,并不是所有的利益都是天然合理的。①②本身正確且符合題意。

32.C  ①②③都符合中國共產黨這個主體的行為,應當入選。④錯誤,應當是從實際出發,而不是從政策出發。

33. A  本題可以采用排除法,④是錯誤的,人大代表才享有提案權。“向市民公開征集意見”、“以改善民生為重點的社會領域約占三成”體現①②。③錯誤,人民群眾是依法治國的主體。④錯誤,人民群眾不能等同于人大代表,人大代表享有提案權。解答本題可以采用排除法。

34.C  材料中的主體是政協和民主黨派,“考察調研”體現的是參政議政的作用。其它三個選項本身都是錯誤的。

35.B  中美兩國在管理宏觀經濟風險和促進經濟平衡增長的戰略、加強能源和環境合作、應對貿易挑戰、促進開放的投資環境、國際經濟合作等議題上有共同利益,因此才能進行討論。這說明兩國存在合作的基礎。

【解題思路】第(1)問圖中的地質構造可從巖層的受力情況進行分析,地貌分析時要考慮到其形成的外力作用;第(2)問,從區域定位可判斷出此河流為長江上游,可知此處河水的流向為從南向北;第(3)問,水能資源豐富的條件可從水量和落差兩個方面分析,不利條件可從地形及喀斯特地貌對建設庫區的影響等角度分析;第(4)問,丙處和丁處均為流水侵蝕地貌,從地質作用來看,a-b間的地形是受內力擠壓作用形成的,H處位于四川盆地中,冬季較溫暖的原因是受北部及周圍山地對冬季冷空氣的阻擋作用形成的。第(5)問,須結合云貴高原的自然環境進行綜合分析。

【試題答案】(1)向斜(2分) 斷層(2分)   喀斯特(2分)  丙處為可溶性巖石,且此地區氣候濕熱,巖石容易受到溶蝕作用而形成喀斯特地貌 (4分);峽谷(2分) 流水的侵蝕作用(2分)。

(2)從南向北流 (或從西南向東北) (2分)

(3)有利條件:該河段流經亞熱帶季風區,降水豐富,河流水量大,河流流經山地峽谷地區,落差大 。(3分) 不利條件:地形復雜,崎嶇,附近有喀斯特地形分布,工程量難度大。(3分)

(4)BD(2分)

(5) 山地多,平地少,耕地面積少(3分);喀斯特地貌廣布,地表水和地下水儲藏條件差;(2分);土壤貧瘠,水土流失嚴重(2分);多地震、滑坡、泥石流等地質災害(3分)。

36.

37.(32分)【解析】本題以紀念改革開放30周年這個時政熱點為命題角度,考查對我國對外開放局面的形成與發展的掌握。第(1)問,通過對材料一中鄧小平講話內容的分析,從世界大勢、開放的迫切性、歷史教訓、外國經驗等方面概括作答。第(2)問,抓住材料二中“出口特區”的局限,即可回答更名為“經濟特區”的原因,再根據特區取得的重大成就的表述回答其重要地位。第(3)問,由材料三所列的事件可以了解我國對外開放的大體進程,再從地區、層次等角度概括發展趨勢。第(4)問,根據材料四“經濟實力和綜合國力上了一個大臺階”、“融入全球化”、“沒有圍墻”等信息,結合教材中的相關表述,可以回答對外開放的重大意義。

【答案】

(1)適應當今世界形勢發展的客觀要求;我國社會主義現代化建設的迫切需要;近代以來中國革命和建設的經驗和教訓;吸收新加坡等國經濟迅速發展的優秀經驗。(8分)

(2)原因:出口特區具有單項性的局限,易受西方經濟的制約,而且單純對外不利于內地的發展。(6分)地位:是中國對外開放戰略部署的第一步,改革開放的 “試驗區” 和窗口。(4分)

(3)開放范圍不斷擴大,層次不斷提高,逐步走向全方位。(6分)

(4)促進了中國社會經濟文化的迅速發展,增強了中國的經濟實力和綜合國力,提高了城鄉居民收入,使中國融入了世界,適應并推動了全球化。(8分)

38.【解析】解答第(1)題,要注意“從價格與供求的關系角度”回答,一方面要注意擴大供應,一方面要減少不必要的消費需求。解答第(2)題,要注意“用矛盾對立統一的觀點分析”,因此首先指出對應的原理的內容,再詳細分析如何對立統一,最后指出應指明怎么辦。解答第(3)題,要注意“運用國際社會的知識”,“強調加強國際合作”是由國際間共同利益決定的,是我國獨立自主和平外交政策的具體體現。

【答案】(1)商品的價格與供求相互影響相互制約。要保障糧食安全應該從擴大糧食供給與降低糧食需求入手。(2分) ①政府應堅持和完善家庭聯產承包責任制;制定嚴格的耕地保護措施,穩定耕地面積;減少或禁止糧食出口;加大財政投入,鼓勵糧食生產者提高科技、提高勞動生產率,擴大糧食供應;堅持和完善農產品價格支持機制,控制生產資料銷售價格的上漲,調動農民生產積極性,增加糧食產量。(6分) ②政府應引導居民節約糧食;限制工業用糧;減少不必要的消費需求。(2分)

(2)①矛盾就是對立統一。矛盾雙方既對立,又統一。(3分) ②保障在糧食安全中,開源與節流是辯證統一的。只講節流不講開源,難以保持糧食的供應,不利于糧食價格的穩定;而只顧開源,忽視節流,糧食利用效率會得不到保證。(4分) ③因此,保障糧食安全要正確處理好開源與節流的辯證關系,既要重視和發展糧食生產,又要重視提高糧食利用效率,節約糧食。(3分)

(3)①國家利益是國家對外活動的出發點和落腳點,是國際關系的決定因素。國家間的共同利益是國家合作的基礎。(3分) 在糧食安全問題上,我國政府強調加強國際合作,既符合我國的根本利益,又符合世界各國人民的根本利益。(3分) ②中國政府堅持獨立自主的和平外交政策,在和平共處五項原則的基礎上積極發展同世界各國的友好關系。在糧食安全問題上,我國政府強調加強國際合作,促進世界經濟的穩定和發展,是我國和平外交政策的表現。(3分)

③我國在國際社會中是一個負責任的國家,在糧食安全問題上,我國政府強調加強國際合作,既有利于解決好中國13億人的吃飯問題,又有利于樹立我國負責任大國形象。(3分)

【解題思路】第(1)問,從國際和國內兩個角度進行分析;第(2)問,需要從自然因素和社會經濟因素兩個方面來分析;

【試題答案】(1) 外因:由于國外經濟受金融海嘯影響,經濟發展速度變緩導致需求量下降,訂單減少影響本區工廠生產;近年來工業原料、價格、用地成本及勞動力工資的上漲造成企業成本上升;近年能源價格上漲造成企業運輸成本的上升;(6分)內因:本區企業多為勞動力密集型產品,產品銷售依賴國外市場,附加值低;企業的市場開拓能力、產品研發、創新能力不足;處于產業鏈上價值較低的加工環節,應對市場變化的能力弱。(6分)

(2) 優勢:地形平坦、水源充足;毗鄰港澳、交通便利;經濟特區和政策優勢;經濟基礎好、市場廣闊;人口密集、勞動力豐富;僑鄉、便于引進外資和技術。(答出三點即得6分) 

不利:礦產資源和能源缺乏(2分)

39.

【解析】第(3)問,由材料三的時間信息,可知當時正值嚴重的資本主義經濟危機期間,聯系材料中各國擺脫危機的各種利己主義舉措及其后果,可以回答倫敦經濟會議的召開原因,結合會議的內容可以概括會議的宗旨。第(4)問,由材料三、四中大國在會議上的表現,利用“地方性的經濟民族主義”等信息,可以回答會議失敗原因;根據材料四有關會議失敗后果的表述,結合當時國際形勢的特點回答影響。

【答案】(3)背景:1929年資本主義經濟大危機發生,西方國家間的貨幣戰、貿易戰和關稅大戰愈演愈烈,國際貿易大大下降,舊的世界經濟秩序瓦解。(6分)

宗旨:降低關稅,穩定貨幣,促進國際貿易,重建資本主義世界的經濟秩序。(6分)

(4)原因:經濟民族主義與利己主義;缺乏有效的國際協調機制。(4分)影響:加劇了國際矛盾與沖突,導致戰爭危機臨近。(4分)

【解析】解答第(5)題,要注意限制性語句“經濟常識角度”、“勞動和社會保障部門”(由此想到政府宏觀調控和社會主義市場經濟的目標)、“返鄉農民工工作”(由此想到勞動者的就業權)、“為什么”(由此想到其意義)。解答第(6)題,“創業”、“哲學啟示”即想到主觀能動性,觀念的變化、內因、創新等。

【答案】(1)①單純的市場調節存在自發性、盲目性和滯后性,需要國家的宏觀調控。促進經濟增長、增加就業是國家宏觀調控的主要目標,做好返鄉農民工工作正是國家宏觀調控的重要體現。(3分) ②社會主義市場經濟以實現共同富裕為目標,做好返鄉農民工工作體現社會主義本質和共同富裕的目標。(2分) ③就業是勞動者的基本權利,做好返鄉農民工工作是保障農民工合法權益的要求。(2分) ④做好返鄉農民工工作有利于促進當地經濟的發展,提高農民工收入,調動勞動者的積極性,實現全面建設小康社會的目標;有利于擴大內需,促進社會主義新農村建設;有利于縮小城鄉差別,維護社會穩定,推進我國工業化、城鎮化、現代化建設。(3分)

(2)①辦事情要想有所建樹,必須充分發揮主觀能動性。在就業問題上我們必須積極主動進取。②認識要隨著客觀環境的變化不斷發展。我們應該順應時代的變化,要轉變就業觀念。③內因是事物變化發展的根據,外因是事物變化發展的條件。我們要充分利用自身條件,積極主動就業。④要有創新精神,與時俱進。在嚴峻的就業形勢和激烈的競爭面前,我們還必須要有創新精神。(任意答出三點即可得10分)

 

 

 


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