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【題目】閱讀下面的文字,完成題。

采薇采薇,薇亦作止。曰歸曰歸,歲亦莫止。靡室靡家,狁之故。不遑啟居,狁之故。

采薇采薇,薇亦柔止。曰歸曰歸,心亦憂止。憂心烈烈,載饑載渴。我戍未定,靡使歸

采薇采薇,薇亦剛止。曰歸曰歸,歲亦陽止。王事靡盬,不遑啟處。憂心疚,我行不來。

彼爾維何?維常之華。彼路何?君子之車。戎車既駕,四牡業業。豈敢定居?一月三捷。

駕彼四牡,四牡骙骙。君子所依,小人所腓。四牡翼翼,象弭魚服。豈不日戒,狁孔棘。

昔我往矣,楊柳依依。今我來思,雨雪霏霏。行道遲遲,載渴載饑。我心傷悲,莫知我哀!

【1】下列句子中加點的詞,解釋不正確的一項是

A不遑啟居 不遑:不害怕

B憂心 孔:很

C彼路 斯:語氣詞,無實義

D靡使歸 聘:問

2下面關于詩歌思想內容和表現手法的表述,錯誤的一項是

A.本詩通過一個戍卒歸途中的自述和回顧,描寫了當時征夫的生活。

B.詩篇真實地描寫了遠征生活的苦難,征人久戍思歸的凄楚心情。

C.本詩意蘊豐富,情感深沉,交織著抗敵衛國和思家戀鄉的矛盾。

D.本詩主旨在揭露和控訴統治者窮兵黷武、不顧百姓安危的殘暴統治。

3“昔我往矣,楊柳依依。今我來思,雨雪霏霏”幾句歷來為評論家所贊賞,請結合全詩加以賞析。

【答案】

【1】A

【2】D

【3】這幾句詩運用了對比和襯托手法,集中表現了出征時的楊柳依依,返歸時雨雪霏霏。一春一冬,一暖一寒,一綠一白,形成了非常強烈的對比。楊柳依依以樂景寫哀情,表現他春天出征時對故鄉、親人戀戀不舍的心情。雨雪霏霏使我們聯想到他在征程中經受的許多磨難,并襯托出他在返家時滿懷哀傷悲憤的心情。

【解析】

【1】不遑:無暇。

【2】主要表達對戰爭的不滿和對故鄉的思念。

【3】賞析詩句一般從表現手法和思想內容兩個角度入手,在表現手法方面,這幾句詩運用了對比和襯托的手法,抒情方式為以樂景寫哀情,然后結合詩句內容,分析其所表達的思想情感即可。

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